Rotary condenser and self-condensing turbine.



E. S. G. REES.

ROTARY CONDENSER AND SELF CONDENSING TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.26. 1912.

1,154,434. PatntedSept. 21, 1915.

4 SHEETSS HEET I.

COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH cO-.wAsmNc'roN. Dv c,

E. S. G. REES.

ROTARY CONDENSER AND SELF CONDENSING TURBINE. 4

APPLICATION FILED mp2s. 1912.

1,154,434. Patented Sept. 21, 1915.

4 SHEET$-SHEET 2.

w'fizeskses five/Z207 COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH 20., WASHINGTON. D. c.

E. s. G. BEES. ROTARY CONDENSER AND SELF CONDENSING TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN-26. I912.

Patented Sept. 21, 1915.

4 SHEETSSHEET 3.

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III/4 s. e. REES. ROTARY CONDENSER AND SELF CONDENSING TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN-26. 19I2.

Patented Sept. 21, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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- ROTARY CONDENSER AND SELF-CONDENSING TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. I Patented Sept. 21, 1315.

Application filed January 26, 1912. Serial No. 673,560..

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ED UND Soo'r'r GU84 TAVE Runs, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing in Stafford, England, and whose post-oflice'address is Dunscar, Oaken, in the county of Stafford, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rotary Condensers and, Self-Condensing Turbines, of whlch the following 1S a specifiCatIOIl.

, Thisinvention relates to rotary condensers or air pumps or self-oondenslng turbines,

and may be regarded as consisting in the application of a rotating ejector wheel toan ordinary 'jet' ejector, this ejector wheel being interposed at the neck or throat of the ejector so as to effect the mechanical ejection of the condensate or of the mixture of non-condensible gas and entraining liquid through the neck and into the expanding portion of the ejector. may also act as the collectoror converging part of the ordinary ejector pipe, in which case the entraining liquid is projected across the steam space or entraining chamber into I the interior of the ejector wheel.

By applying a rotating ejector wheel to a stationary ejector in this manner soias to efiect the mechanical e ection of the condensate or of the mixture of non-condensible gas and entraining liquid through the neck or throat of the ejector, the necessity of providmg such a pressure in the water et or jets as will insure ejection, and the liability (common to ejector condensers) 'to choke up and flood during sudden fluctuations of vacuum or steam, are obviated.

When the invention is applied to the 0011-,

densation of exhaust steam, the energy of the latter is preferably utilizedito propel the rotary part of the condenser apparatus (although any other suitable motive power may biz-substituted), and in this case means are provided for increasing the speed of the exhaust steam and directing it on to the ring of movable blades constituting the rotor of a. turbine, from "which it is discharged into the receiver or entraining space or chamber.

The energy required to spray the water may be derived from an independent source, as for example, any suitable static or centrifugally produced head, or it maybe de' rived from the power generated by the tur bine. Thus, according to oneyarrangement of apparatus contemplated in the present invention, the rotary element of a turbine The ejector wheel driven by the exhaust steam is mounted upon a vertical shaft and below the rotor is a receiver of large capacity into which the exhaust steamis discharged from the turbine and across which water is projectedfrom a stationary spraying device, preferably of a kind which directs streams of water soas to impinge and thereby spread the water into fan-like sheets of spray which areprojecte'd' into a rotating e ector wheel which forms,

thewater seal of the-device and directs the water into expanding channels in a fixed casing surrounding theejector; The fixed ejector nozzles may be supplied by any suitable water pump mounted'on the same shaftbelow the ejector wheel.

If a rotary sprayer is used "it may be driven by power derived from the exhaust steam and the spray directed through the rotary ejector wheel into any apparatus adapted to convert its speed energy into pressure, such as a stationary ejector or other suitable expanding passage or passages. v

i If the apparatus is to be used in conjunction with a surface condenser, the receiver 7 may be divided by a partition so that the steam, after passing through the turbine blades and discharging into the upper part of the receiver, may then pass into the sur face condenser, the lower part of the receiver being connected with the surface condenser for the extraction of the'air after condensa-' tion of the steam; In this case the water pump below the receiver may be arranged as a circulating pump for the" surface con denser, and the jet nozzles may be'fed by a branch of the main water circulating pipe.

As it would be necessary in practice that the rotary ejector wheel above referred to should be of comparatively small diameter, so that the peripheral speed may not be excessive with a high speed of revolution, the water nozzles are preferably fixed ina ring of greater radius than the ejector wheel so as to squirt into the rim of the latter approximately along a diameter with due refeeding; Fig. 3 is another modification showing in diagram a turbine driven ejector condenser embodying the present invention; Fig. 4 shows diagrammatically an arrangement of turbine driven air and circulating pumps; Figs. 5 and 6 are longitudinal and transverse sections respectively of a modifled arrangement in which the ejector wheel rotates on a horizontal shaft; Figs. 7 and 8 are similar views but showing a different method of spreading or spraying the entwo stage turbine driven by direct or exhaust steam admitted to the casing at b, 0 being the stationary blades and (Z the vanes or blades of the rotor. The exhaust steam from the turbine a which is mounted on a vertical shaft a is discharged into a receiver a of large capacity encircling the shaft a. which is prolonged downwardly through the receiver. Encircling the receiver 6 near its lower end or at any suitable intermediate point is a ring of nozzles 7 supplied with water under pressure, the individual nozzles being preferably arranged in mutually inclined vertical pairs so that the jets of water impinge on each other and form thin fanshaped sheets of water or spray, the nozzles being also so directed as to project these sheets of spray nearly diametrically across the receiver but clear of the shaft a, so as to entrain and condense the steam and carry the condensate into an ejector wheel 9 which is mounted on the shaft a and directs the water and condensate into the expanding channels 9 of a fixed collector below the receiver. As shown in Fig. 1, the ring of water nozzles f is supplied by a rotary pump it mounted on an extension of the shaft (1.

In the modification shown in Fig. 2, the apparatus is arranged as a self-condensing steam turbine, and the suction of the pump receiver 0 is divided by a partition 6 above the ejector wheel. The exhaust steam from the turbine passes along pipe j to the surface condenser z', while the space below the partition 6 is connected with the surface condenser 2' by pipe 76 for the extraction of the air from the surface condenser after condensation of the steam, this extraction being effected by entraining the air by means of the ring of water jets f and the ejector wheel 9. The pump it supplies water to the jets f and also provides for the circulation of condensing liquid through pipe Z, surface condenser i and return pipe Z.

In the apparatus of Figs. 5 and'G the entraining liquid is supplied to the pipe 7"" under a pressure sufficient to compensate for resistance losses and to project the fluid across the space or chamber 6, which is in communication with the space to be ex hausted by means of a pipe is, into the inner periphery of an ejector wheel 9 fitted with rim blades 9, whichis carried by a shaft 0. and rotates'at a high speed within one side of the chamber 0. The entraining liquid is projected in one or more streams or, as shown in the drawings, in a comparatively flat sheet obtained by means of a pair of mutually inclined nozzles 7, substantially diametrically across the face of the ejector wheel 9 toward the neck 9 of the ejector pipe 9 which may be subdivided, as shown, by vanes 9 into a. series of expanding passages the inlet ends of which have a circumferential extension coterminous with the effective sector of the ejector wheel. It will be seen that the condensate or mixture or spray'of non-condensible gas and liquid which is produced within the chamber c is, by the action of the ejector wheel g, expelled mechanically and therefore with certainty into the ejector pipe 9 In the constructions shown in Figs. 7 and 8 the spreading or spraying of the entraining liquid is effected by means of a disk m upon the end of the shaft a against which a jet of liquid is projected from a nozzle 7 so as to strike the disk somewhat eccentrically in such manner that the resultant path of the sprayed liquid leads through the rim of the ejector wheel 9 into the neck 9 of the ejector pipe 9 In the construction of Figs. 9 and 10 the entraining liquid is supplied through the pipe 7 to a series of nozzles f arranged in a circle above the chamber 6 which is connected with the space to be exhausted. The liquid and entrained gases are directed into the lower part of the chamber 6 which consists of a tapering annular space indicated at 6 which forms a continuous passage with the neck g of the ejector pipe 9 but interposed at or near the narrowest part of this passage is a horizontal ejector wheel 9 having peripheral blades g as before, which As shown in Fig. 11, which is a modifica- I tion of the lower part of the ejector shown in Figs. 9 and 10, an additional ejector wheel or pump it, having rim blades of a radial depth corresponding with the width of the discharge end of the ejector pipe or passage 9 is mounted on the lower end of the shaft a with the object of providing the additional pressure requisite for raising the condensate to a cooling tower or otherwise um in it a ainst a 'iven ressure.

The arrangement of whirling disk sprayer shown in Figs. 7 and 8 may be modified so as to utilize the whole of the periphery of the ejector wheel instead of only a sector, for example the fiuid may be directed by means of a nozzle axially or substantially axially toward the rotating disk we so as to impinge thereon at or about its center. Or the fluid may be projected from an annular nozzle or a ring of nozzles the axis of which is coincident with that of the whirling disk m By such means the fluid is thrown in the form of spray into the periphery of a rotating ejector wheel substantially coplanar with the whirling disk.

Having thus described the nature of the said invention and thebest means I know of carrying the same into practical eifect, I claim 1. An ejector condenser, air pump or compressor, comprising an entraining chamber connected with the space to be evacuated,

an ejector wheel, spraying nozzles connected with a supply of liquid under pressure and adapted to direct sprayed liquid across the entraining chamber into the rim of the ej ector wheel, and a stationary expanding duct to which the ejector wheel delivers.

2. An ejector condenser, air pump or compressor, comprising an entraining chamber connected with the space to be evacuated,

a rotary ejector wheel, a ring of stationary nozzles adapted to discharge jets of liquid across the entraining chamber into the ejector wheel, said nozzles being arranged, in mutually inclined pairs whereby the jets of liquid are converted into sheets of spray,-

and a stationary expanding duct to which the ejector wheel delivers.

3. An ejector condenser,air pump or compressor, comprising an entraining chamber connected with the space to be evacuated and having at its lower end a tapering annular passage, an ordinary jet or stationary ejector, having a neck or throat at its upper end, communicating with the lower end of the entraining chamber, a rotating ejector wheel interposed between the said passage and the throat of the stationary ejector, and a ring of stationary nozzles adapted to discharge jets of liquid across the said chamber into the ejector wheel.

4. An ejector condenser, air pump or compressor, comprising an' ordinary jet or stationary ejector, a horizontally rotating ejector wheel having peripheral blades and means for directing the entraining liquid diametrically across the 'face of the wheel and intoits interior, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EDMUND SCOTT GUSTAVE REES.

Witnesses:

GERALD HOWARD SMITH, CHARLES JACKSON.

Copies of this patent may'be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0. 

